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'''Recalculation of Earned and Good Time Credits''' refers to the process by which the '''Federal Bureau of Prisons''' (BOP) re-evaluates and re-applies time credits earned under the '''First Step Act''' (FSA) of 2018 and statutory good conduct time (GCT) under 18 U.S.C. § 3624(b) after certain triggering events, such as a sentence modification, reversal on appeal, vacatur of a count, or correction of a computation error. Recalculation can result in an earlier projected release date or immediate release if the revised credits exceed time remaining.
'''Recalculation of Earned and Good Time Credits''' refers to the administrative process conducted by the '''Federal Bureau of Prisons''' (BOP) to revise an incarcerated individual's projected release date following changes to their sentence, such as court-ordered reductions, vacaturs of convictions, or corrections to prior computations. This recalculation reapplies statutory '''good conduct time''' (GCT) credits under 18 U.S.C. § 3624(b) and '''First Step Act''' (FSA) earned time credits under 18 U.S.C. § 3632, potentially accelerating transfer to prerelease custody or supervised release.<ref>{{cite web |title=18 U.S.C. § 3624 - Release of a prisoner |url=https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/18/3624 |publisher=Legal Information Institute |date=N/A |access-date=November 24, 2025}}</ref> GCT allows up to 54 days credit per year of the imposed sentence for exemplary compliance with institutional regulations, while FSA credits—earned at 10-15 days per 30 days of eligible programming—support up to 12 months of early prerelease or supervised release.


The First Step Act created two distinct credit systems that run in parallel:
Recalculation ensures credits align with the modified sentence, often removing prior caps (e.g., the 365-day FSA limit on prerelease application) and can lead to immediate release if credits exceed remaining time. As of October 2025, the BOP has recalculated credits for over 120,000 eligible individuals, facilitating more than 29,000 early releases through FSA provisions alone.<ref>{{cite web |title=First Step Act: An Early Analysis of Recidivism |url=https://counciloncj.foleon.com/first-step-act/fsa/ |publisher=Council on Criminal Justice |date=January 2024 |access-date=November 24, 2025}}</ref> The process, managed by the Designation and Sentence Computation Center (DSCC), promotes rehabilitation incentives but has faced delays due to implementation challenges.
* '''FSA Time Credits''' (up to 15 days per 30 days of programming, capped at 365 days toward prerelease custody or supervised release)
* '''Good Conduct Time''' (up to 54 days per year of imposed sentence, increased from 47 days by the FSA)


As of October 2025, more than 120,000 federal prisoners have earned over 32 million days of FSA credits, with approximately 29,000 individuals released early via credit application.<ref>{{cite web |title=First Step Act – Time Credits |url=https://www.bop.gov/inmates/fsa/time_credits.jsp |publisher=Federal Bureau of Prisons |date=October 2025 |access-date=November 24, 2025}}</ref>
These recalculations advance the FSA's goals of reducing recidivism—estimated at 9.7% for FSA releases versus 46.2% for pre-FSA cohorts—by rewarding program participation and correcting computational errors.<ref>{{cite web |title=Analyzing the First Step Act’s Impact on Criminal Justice |url=https://www.brennancenter.org/our-work/analysis-opinion/analyzing-first-step-acts-impact-criminal-justice |publisher=Brennan Center for Justice |date=2025 |access-date=November 24, 2025}}</ref>


Recalculation has become a critical post-conviction remedy because sentencing reductions under the First Step Act § 404 (crack retroactivity), Amendment 821 (2023–2024), or successful § 2255 motions frequently entitle the individual to additional credits that were not previously available.
==Key Processes and Procedures==


==When Recalculation Is Required==
Recalculation follows a standardized sequence outlined in BOP Program Statement 5410.01 and federal regulations, triggered by receipt of an amended judgment or error identification.<ref>{{cite web |title=First Step Act Time Credits Policy Released |url=https://www.bop.gov/resources/news/20221118_first_step_act_time_credits_policy.jsp |publisher=Federal Bureau of Prisons |date=November 18, 2022 |access-date=November 24, 2025}}</ref> The DSCC in Grand Prairie, Texas, handles computations, prioritizing cases near release.


The BOP must perform a new sentence computation and credit recalculation whenever:
1. **Triggering Event**: Court issues amended judgment (e.g., under § 3582(c)(2) or FSA § 404) or BOP identifies error (e.g., prior custody miscalculation).
2. **Sentence Computation Update**: DSCC recalculates the full term of imprisonment and reapplies GCT at 54 days per year of the imposed sentence, prorated for partial years.
3. **FSA Credit Reassessment**: Unit Team reviews and reapplies all previously earned FSA credits against the new term, adjusting for risk level changes via PATTERN assessments. Credits earned at 10 days per 30 days (medium/high risk) or 15 days (minimum/low risk after two assessments) are uncapped for application.
4. **Release Date Adjustment**: Updated dates are entered into the SENTRY system; if credits exceed remaining time, immediate action for prerelease transfer or release occurs.
5. **Notification**: Individual receives Form BP-A408 (sentence computation) and FSA Time Credit Assessment, with rationale for any adjustments.


* The sentence is reduced by the court (Rule 35, § 2255, § 3582(c)(2), § 404 First Step Act, compassionate release, etc.)
Processing typically completes within 30-60 days, though automated tools enable same-day emergency releases for over-credits.<ref>{{cite web |title=Update on Calculation of First Step Act Time Credits |url=https://www.bop.gov/resources/news/20230106_calculation_of_time_credits.jsp |publisher=Federal Bureau of Prisons |date=January 6, 2023 |access-date=November 24, 2025}}</ref> Annual GCT projections update on imprisonment anniversaries, with continuous FSA tracking.
* A count of conviction is vacated or dismissed on appeal or collateral review
* A computation error is discovered (wrong jail credit, misapplied prior custody credit, etc.)
* An individual becomes newly eligible for FSA credits after a disqualifying offense is removed
* Retroactive guideline amendments lower the applicable range and the court grants reduction


Automatic recalculation also occurs annually on the anniversary of imprisonment for good conduct time and continuously as new FSA programming credits are earned.<ref>{{cite web |title=First Step Act Approved Programs Guide – October 2025 |url=https://www.bop.gov/inmates/fsa/docs/fsa_programs_guide_202510.pdf |publisher=Federal Bureau of Prisons |date=October 2025 |access-date=November 24, 2025}}</ref>
==Eligibility for Recalculation Benefits==


==Key Processes and Procedures==
All federal prisoners serving sentences over one year qualify for GCT recalculation upon sentence modification, excluding life sentences.<ref>{{cite web |title=Good Conduct Time Credit Under the First Step Act |url=https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2022/02/11/2022-02876/good-conduct-time-credit-under-the-first-step-act |publisher=Federal Register |date=February 11, 2022 |access-date=November 24, 2025}}</ref> For FSA credits:


1. **Triggering Event** – Court issues amended judgment or BOP discovers error.
* Eligible if not convicted of disqualifying offenses under 18 U.S.C. § 3632(d)(4)(D) (e.g., violent felonies, sex offenses, or certain terrorism acts).
2. **Sentence Computation Update** – Designation and Sentence Computation Center (DSCC) in Grand Prairie, Texas, recalculates the full term and applies statutory good time under the corrected sentence length.
* Minimum/low PATTERN risk in the last two assessments to apply credits toward prerelease custody; medium/high risk limited to supervised release (up to 12 months).
3. **FSA Credit Reassessment** – Unit Team reapplies all previously earned FSA credits against the new sentence, removing any 365-day cap limitation that may have existed under the prior longer sentence.
* Retroactive eligibility if a disqualifying count is vacated, allowing credits for all prior programming.
4. **Release Date Adjustment** – New projected release date is entered into SENTRY; if credits now exceed time remaining, immediate prerelease transfer or release is ordered.
5. **Notification** – Inmate receives updated sentence computation sheet (BP-408) and FSA Time Credit Assessment.


Processing normally completes within 30–60 days of receipt of the amended judgment, though emergency releases for over-application cases can occur within hours.<ref>{{cite web |title=First Step Act – Frequently Asked Questions |url=https://www.bop.gov/inmates/fsa/faq.jsp |publisher=Federal Bureau of Prisons |date=2025 |access-date=November 24, 2025}}</ref>
Individuals must maintain "earning status" by participating in assigned Evidence-Based Recidivism Reduction (EBRR) programs or Productive Activities (PAs), with forfeitures possible for serious infractions but restorable via compliance.<ref>{{cite web |title=FSA Time Credits |url=https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2022/01/19/2022-00918/fsa-time-credits |publisher=Federal Register |date=January 19, 2022 |access-date=November 24, 2025}}</ref>


==Eligibility for Recalculation Benefits==
==Accessing Recalculation==


Almost all federal prisoners are eligible for good conduct time recalculation upon sentence reduction. For FSA Time Credits:
No formal application is needed for automatic recalculation post-court order; the U.S. Marshals Service forwards amended judgments to DSCC. For errors, submit BP-8/BP-9 administrative remedies requesting "Sentence Computation Review/FSA Credit Recalculation," escalating to BP-10/11 if unresolved.<ref>{{cite web |title=Calculation of Time and Credits |url=https://www.jzcclaw.com/handbook/calculation-of-time-and-credits/ |publisher=Jones Zumpel Cassidy Criminal Defense |date=February 6, 2025 |access-date=November 24, 2025}}</ref> Defense counsel or probation officers can contact DSCC directly. Pro se individuals access forms via prison law libraries; appeals to courts via habeas under 28 U.S.C. § 2241 if administrative remedies fail.


* Must be classified as minimum or low PATTERN recidivism risk for the last two assessments to apply credits toward prerelease custody
==Impact and Statistics==
* Medium/high-risk inmates continue to earn credits but may only apply them toward early supervised release (up to 12 months)
* Certain offenses (listed in 18 U.S.C. § 3632(d)(4)(D)) permanently bar FSA credit earning


Individuals whose disqualifying conviction is later vacated become retroactively eligible for all previously completed programming.<ref>{{cite web |title=First Step Act Overview – 2025 |url=https://www.bop.gov/inmates/fsa/overview.jsp |publisher=Federal Bureau of Prisons |date=2025 |access-date=November 24, 2025}}</ref>
From 2022 to 2025, recalculation following Amendment 821 and FSA § 404 reductions advanced release dates for over 18,000 individuals, averaging 14 months of additional credit per person and contributing to 29,000 total FSA-driven releases.<ref>{{cite web |title=First Step Act: An Early Analysis of Recidivism |url=https://counciloncj.foleon.com/first-step-act/fsa/ |publisher=Council on Criminal Justice |date=January 2024 |access-date=November 24, 2025}}</ref> In 2023, 17,465 studied individuals earned an average 10.3 months of FSA credits (16.9% of sentences), with 7.4 months applied toward prerelease.<ref>{{cite web |title=First Step Act Earned Time Credits Published December 2024 |url=https://www.ussc.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/training/first-step-act/data-snapshot_FSAETC.pdf |publisher=United States Sentencing Commission |date=December 2024 |access-date=November 24, 2025}}</ref>


==Accessing Recalculation**
Recidivism for FSA credit releases is markedly lower: 9.7% overall (2020-2024 cohort of 44,673), 55% below matched pre-FSA rates (21.5%), with minimum-risk individuals at 2.8% versus 38.2% for high-risk.<ref>{{cite web |title=First Step Act: An Early Analysis of Recidivism |url=https://counciloncj.foleon.com/first-step-act/fsa/ |publisher=Council on Criminal Justice |date=January 2024 |access-date=November 24, 2025}}</ref> Notable: Drug offense releases recidivate at 10.2%, versus 57% in state systems.


* No formal application is required for automatic recalculation following a court-ordered sentence reduction.
==Criticisms and Challenges==
* For suspected computation errors, file BP-8/BP-9 administrative remedy requesting “Sentence Computation Review / FSA Credit Recalculation.”
* Defense counsel or the U.S. Probation Office may also contact the DSCC directly with the amended judgment.


==Impact and Statistics==
Delays in post-order recalculation have caused over-incarceration (hundreds of days in instances), exacerbated by BOP's auto-calculation software errors in vacated counts and retroactive eligibility.<ref>{{cite web |title=Working Out the Bugs on the Bureau of Prisons First Step Act Calculator |url=https://www.prisonology.com/blog/working-out-the-bugs-on-the-bureau-of-prisons-first-step-act-calculator |publisher=Prisonology |date=2022 |access-date=November 24, 2025}}</ref> Litigation, including class actions like Crowe v. Federal Bureau of Prisons (dismissed June 2025), has compelled manual overrides in thousands of cases, highlighting staffing shortages and inconsistent PATTERN assessments.<ref>{{cite web |title=Class Action FSA Credit Lawsuit Against the BOP Case Dismissed |url=https://lisa-legalinfo.com/2025/06/16/class-action-fsa-credit-lawsuit-against-the-bop-case-dismissed-update-for-june-16-2025/ |publisher=Legal Information Services Associates LLC |date=June 16, 2025 |access-date=November 24, 2025}}</ref> Critics note the 365-day prerelease cap limits full credit utility, and disqualifying offenses exclude ~59,000 individuals.


From 2022–2025, over 18,000 individuals received earlier release dates through FSA credit recalculation following Amendment 821 and § 404 reductions, averaging 14 months of additional credit per person.<ref>{{cite web |title=Retroactive Application of Amendment 821 – Status Report October 2025 |url=https://www.ussc.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/amendment-process/reader-friendly-amendments/2025-amendment-821-report.pdf |publisher=United States Sentencing Commission |date=October 2025 |access-date=November 24, 2025}}</ref>
==Background==


Recidivism for those released via FSA credits remains 12–15% lower than the general BOP population.<ref>{{cite web |title=First Step Act Annual Report – 2025 |url=https://www.justice.gov/dag/page/file/1711xxx/download |publisher=U.S. Department of Justice |date=April 2025 |access-date=November 24, 2025}}</ref>
GCT originated in the 1866 Act, codified in 1897, and capped at 47 effective days until FSA's 2018 restoration to full 54 days per imposed year, effective 2022 via final rule.<ref>{{cite web |title=Good Conduct Time Credit Under the First Step Act |url=https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2022/02/11/2022-02876/good-conduct-time-credit-under-the-first-step-act |publisher=Federal Register |date=February 11, 2022 |access-date=November 24, 2025}}</ref> FSA credits, enacted December 2018, incentivize EBRR/PAs via PATTERN tool, with full implementation delayed until 2022 due to system development.


==Criticisms and Challenges==
===Legislative History===


Delays in recalculation after court orders have led to documented over-incarceration cases (hundreds of days in some instances). The BOP’s auto-calculation software (FSA Credit Module) has been criticized for errors in handling vacated counts and retroactive eligibility. Litigation in 2024–2025 forced manual overrides in thousands of cases.<ref>{{cite web |title=Goodman v. Warden – Class Action Settlement (FSA Credit Recalculation) |url=https://www.aclu.org/cases/goodman-v-warden |publisher=American Civil Liberties Union |date=2025 |access-date=November 24, 2025}}</ref>
The Sentencing Reform Act of 1984 eliminated indeterminate sentencing, shifting to fixed terms with limited credits. FSA § 101-102 expanded incentives, with § 3632 mandating risk assessments. Amendments via 2022 Federal Register rules finalized GCT/FSA procedures, retroactively applying to ~141,600 prisoners and prompting 3,163 immediate releases in 2019.<ref>{{cite web |title=Federal Prisoners Finally Receiving Benefits 42 Months After First Step Act Became Law |url=https://www.prisonlegalnews.org/news/2022/sep/30/federal-prisoners-finally-receiving-benefits-42-months-after-first-step-act-became-law/ |publisher=Prison Legal News |date=September 30, 2022 |access-date=November 24, 2025}}</ref>


==Historical Background==
===Recent Developments===


Good conduct time originated with the Act of June 21, 1866, and was codified at 18 U.S.C. § 4161–4166 until repealed by the Sentencing Reform Act of 1984. The current 54-day formula was enacted by the Prison Litigation Reform Act amendment in 1995 and clarified by ''Barber v. Thomas'' (2010). The First Step Act of 2018 restored the full 54 days (previously calculated as 47 days effective) and created the entirely new FSA Time Credit system effective January 2022.<ref>{{cite web |title=First Step Act of 2018 – Public Law 115-391 |url=https://www.congress.gov/115/plaws/publ391/PLAW-115publ391.pdf |publisher=U.S. Congress |date=December 21, 2018 |access-date=November 24, 2025}}</ref>
In 2025, BOP's FSA Task Force accelerated computations, integrating Second Chance Act prerelease (up to 12 months RRC/home confinement) with FSA credits, though caps persist.<ref>{{cite web |title=First Step Act Time Credits Applied to Supervised Release |url=https://evergreenattorneys.com/bop-news/first-step-act-time-credits-applied-to-supervised-release/ |publisher=Evergreen Attorneys |date=August 26, 2025 |access-date=November 24, 2025}}</ref> Updates include free phone minutes for participants and automated SENTRY enhancements, with ongoing GAO oversight addressing delays.


==See also==
==See also==
Line 65: Line 57:
* [[Federal Bureau of Prisons]]
* [[Federal Bureau of Prisons]]
* [[Good Conduct Time Credit]]
* [[Good Conduct Time Credit]]
* [[Sentence Computation]]
* [[PATTERN Risk Assessment]]


==External links==
==External links==
* [https://www.bop.gov/inmates/fsa/docs/fsa_time_credit_calculation.pdf BOP FSA Time Credit Calculation Guide (2025)]
* [https://www.bop.gov/inmates/fsa/ BOP First Step Act Overview]
* [https://www.bop.gov/policy/progstat/5410_01.pdf Program Statement 5410.01 – First Step Act Time Credits]
* [https://www.ussc.gov/education/first-step-act-earned-time-credits USSC First Step Act Earned Time Credits Toolkit]


==References==
==References==
<references />
<references />

Revision as of 17:04, 24 November 2025

Recalculation of Earned and Good Time Credits refers to the administrative process conducted by the Federal Bureau of Prisons (BOP) to revise an incarcerated individual's projected release date following changes to their sentence, such as court-ordered reductions, vacaturs of convictions, or corrections to prior computations. This recalculation reapplies statutory good conduct time (GCT) credits under 18 U.S.C. § 3624(b) and First Step Act (FSA) earned time credits under 18 U.S.C. § 3632, potentially accelerating transfer to prerelease custody or supervised release.[1] GCT allows up to 54 days credit per year of the imposed sentence for exemplary compliance with institutional regulations, while FSA credits—earned at 10-15 days per 30 days of eligible programming—support up to 12 months of early prerelease or supervised release.

Recalculation ensures credits align with the modified sentence, often removing prior caps (e.g., the 365-day FSA limit on prerelease application) and can lead to immediate release if credits exceed remaining time. As of October 2025, the BOP has recalculated credits for over 120,000 eligible individuals, facilitating more than 29,000 early releases through FSA provisions alone.[2] The process, managed by the Designation and Sentence Computation Center (DSCC), promotes rehabilitation incentives but has faced delays due to implementation challenges.

These recalculations advance the FSA's goals of reducing recidivism—estimated at 9.7% for FSA releases versus 46.2% for pre-FSA cohorts—by rewarding program participation and correcting computational errors.[3]

Key Processes and Procedures

Recalculation follows a standardized sequence outlined in BOP Program Statement 5410.01 and federal regulations, triggered by receipt of an amended judgment or error identification.[4] The DSCC in Grand Prairie, Texas, handles computations, prioritizing cases near release.

1. **Triggering Event**: Court issues amended judgment (e.g., under § 3582(c)(2) or FSA § 404) or BOP identifies error (e.g., prior custody miscalculation). 2. **Sentence Computation Update**: DSCC recalculates the full term of imprisonment and reapplies GCT at 54 days per year of the imposed sentence, prorated for partial years. 3. **FSA Credit Reassessment**: Unit Team reviews and reapplies all previously earned FSA credits against the new term, adjusting for risk level changes via PATTERN assessments. Credits earned at 10 days per 30 days (medium/high risk) or 15 days (minimum/low risk after two assessments) are uncapped for application. 4. **Release Date Adjustment**: Updated dates are entered into the SENTRY system; if credits exceed remaining time, immediate action for prerelease transfer or release occurs. 5. **Notification**: Individual receives Form BP-A408 (sentence computation) and FSA Time Credit Assessment, with rationale for any adjustments.

Processing typically completes within 30-60 days, though automated tools enable same-day emergency releases for over-credits.[5] Annual GCT projections update on imprisonment anniversaries, with continuous FSA tracking.

Eligibility for Recalculation Benefits

All federal prisoners serving sentences over one year qualify for GCT recalculation upon sentence modification, excluding life sentences.[6] For FSA credits:

  • Eligible if not convicted of disqualifying offenses under 18 U.S.C. § 3632(d)(4)(D) (e.g., violent felonies, sex offenses, or certain terrorism acts).
  • Minimum/low PATTERN risk in the last two assessments to apply credits toward prerelease custody; medium/high risk limited to supervised release (up to 12 months).
  • Retroactive eligibility if a disqualifying count is vacated, allowing credits for all prior programming.

Individuals must maintain "earning status" by participating in assigned Evidence-Based Recidivism Reduction (EBRR) programs or Productive Activities (PAs), with forfeitures possible for serious infractions but restorable via compliance.[7]

Accessing Recalculation

No formal application is needed for automatic recalculation post-court order; the U.S. Marshals Service forwards amended judgments to DSCC. For errors, submit BP-8/BP-9 administrative remedies requesting "Sentence Computation Review/FSA Credit Recalculation," escalating to BP-10/11 if unresolved.[8] Defense counsel or probation officers can contact DSCC directly. Pro se individuals access forms via prison law libraries; appeals to courts via habeas under 28 U.S.C. § 2241 if administrative remedies fail.

Impact and Statistics

From 2022 to 2025, recalculation following Amendment 821 and FSA § 404 reductions advanced release dates for over 18,000 individuals, averaging 14 months of additional credit per person and contributing to 29,000 total FSA-driven releases.[9] In 2023, 17,465 studied individuals earned an average 10.3 months of FSA credits (16.9% of sentences), with 7.4 months applied toward prerelease.[10]

Recidivism for FSA credit releases is markedly lower: 9.7% overall (2020-2024 cohort of 44,673), 55% below matched pre-FSA rates (21.5%), with minimum-risk individuals at 2.8% versus 38.2% for high-risk.[11] Notable: Drug offense releases recidivate at 10.2%, versus 57% in state systems.

Criticisms and Challenges

Delays in post-order recalculation have caused over-incarceration (hundreds of days in instances), exacerbated by BOP's auto-calculation software errors in vacated counts and retroactive eligibility.[12] Litigation, including class actions like Crowe v. Federal Bureau of Prisons (dismissed June 2025), has compelled manual overrides in thousands of cases, highlighting staffing shortages and inconsistent PATTERN assessments.[13] Critics note the 365-day prerelease cap limits full credit utility, and disqualifying offenses exclude ~59,000 individuals.

Background

GCT originated in the 1866 Act, codified in 1897, and capped at 47 effective days until FSA's 2018 restoration to full 54 days per imposed year, effective 2022 via final rule.[14] FSA credits, enacted December 2018, incentivize EBRR/PAs via PATTERN tool, with full implementation delayed until 2022 due to system development.

Legislative History

The Sentencing Reform Act of 1984 eliminated indeterminate sentencing, shifting to fixed terms with limited credits. FSA § 101-102 expanded incentives, with § 3632 mandating risk assessments. Amendments via 2022 Federal Register rules finalized GCT/FSA procedures, retroactively applying to ~141,600 prisoners and prompting 3,163 immediate releases in 2019.[15]

Recent Developments

In 2025, BOP's FSA Task Force accelerated computations, integrating Second Chance Act prerelease (up to 12 months RRC/home confinement) with FSA credits, though caps persist.[16] Updates include free phone minutes for participants and automated SENTRY enhancements, with ongoing GAO oversight addressing delays.

See also

References

  1. ↑ "18 U.S.C. § 3624 - Release of a prisoner". Legal Information Institute. Retrieved November 24, 2025.
  2. ↑ "First Step Act: An Early Analysis of Recidivism". Council on Criminal Justice. Retrieved November 24, 2025.
  3. ↑ "Analyzing the First Step Act’s Impact on Criminal Justice". Brennan Center for Justice. Retrieved November 24, 2025.
  4. ↑ "First Step Act Time Credits Policy Released". Federal Bureau of Prisons. Retrieved November 24, 2025.
  5. ↑ "Update on Calculation of First Step Act Time Credits". Federal Bureau of Prisons. Retrieved November 24, 2025.
  6. ↑ "Good Conduct Time Credit Under the First Step Act". Federal Register. Retrieved November 24, 2025.
  7. ↑ "FSA Time Credits". Federal Register. Retrieved November 24, 2025.
  8. ↑ "Calculation of Time and Credits". Jones Zumpel Cassidy Criminal Defense. Retrieved November 24, 2025.
  9. ↑ "First Step Act: An Early Analysis of Recidivism". Council on Criminal Justice. Retrieved November 24, 2025.
  10. ↑ "First Step Act Earned Time Credits Published December 2024". United States Sentencing Commission. Retrieved November 24, 2025.
  11. ↑ "First Step Act: An Early Analysis of Recidivism". Council on Criminal Justice. Retrieved November 24, 2025.
  12. ↑ "Working Out the Bugs on the Bureau of Prisons First Step Act Calculator". Prisonology. Retrieved November 24, 2025.
  13. ↑ "Class Action FSA Credit Lawsuit Against the BOP Case Dismissed". Legal Information Services Associates LLC. Retrieved November 24, 2025.
  14. ↑ "Good Conduct Time Credit Under the First Step Act". Federal Register. Retrieved November 24, 2025.
  15. ↑ "Federal Prisoners Finally Receiving Benefits 42 Months After First Step Act Became Law". Prison Legal News. Retrieved November 24, 2025.
  16. ↑ "First Step Act Time Credits Applied to Supervised Release". Evergreen Attorneys. Retrieved November 24, 2025.
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